Git Commit

A commit is like a save point in your project. It records a snapshot of your files at a certain time, with a message describing what changed. You can always go back to a previous commit if you need to. Here are some key commands for commits:

• Commit all tracked changes (skip staging) git log - See commit history How to Commit with a Message ( -m )

Example git commit -m "First release of Hello World!"

3 files changed, 26 insertions(+) create mode 100644 README.md create mode 100644 bluestyle.css create mode 100644 index.html Always write a clear message so you and others can understand what changed. Commit All Changes Without Staging ( -a )

Example git commit -a -m "Quick update to README" [master 123abcd] Quick update to README 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)

Skipping the staging step can make you include unwanted changes. Use with care.

first for new files. What happens if you try to commit a new file with -a ?

(use "git add..." to include in what will be committed) index.html

nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)

(no -m

Write a short summary on the first line, leave a blank line, then add more details below.

Keep the first line short (50 characters or less). Use the imperative mood (e.g., "Add feature" not "Added feature"). Leave a blank line after the summary, then add more details if needed. Describe why the change was made, not just what changed.

Use previous commit message (no editor):

Quickly add staged changes to last commit, keep message:

but forgot to git add a file, just add it and commit again. Or use git commit --amend to add it to your last commit.

to fix the last commit message.

You can use git reset --soft HEAD~1 to undo the last commit and keep your changes staged. View Commit History ( git log ) To view the history of commits for a repository, you can use the git log command:

Example git log commit 09f4acd3f8836b7f6fc44ad9e012f82faf861803 (HEAD -> master)

Updated index.html with a new line

commit 221ec6e10aeedbfd02b85264087cd9adc18e4b26

First release of Hello World! For a shorter view, use git log --oneline

Example git log --oneline 09f4acd Updated index.html with a new line 221ec6e First release of Hello World! To see which files changed in each commit, use git log --stat

Example git log --stat