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The JavaScript Math object allows you to perform mathematical tasks. The Math object is static. All methods and properties can be used without creating a Math object first.
Math.PI;
Math Properties (Constants)The syntax for any Math property is : Math. property. JavaScript provides 8 mathematical constants that can be accessed as Math properties:
Math.E // returns Euler's number Math.PI // returns PI Math.SQRT2 // returns the square root of 2
Formula
Math.SQRT1_2 // returns the square root of 1/2Math.LN2 // returns the natural logarithm of 2 Math.LN10 // returns the natural logarithm of 10 Math.LOG2E // returns base 2 logarithm of E Math.LOG10E // returns base 10 logarithm of E
The syntax for Math any methods is : Math. method ( number )
There are 4 common methods to round a number to an integer: Math.round(x)
Math.ceil(x) Returns x rounded up to its nearest integer Math.floor(x) Returns x rounded down to its nearest integer Math.trunc(x) Returns the integer part of x ( new in ES6 ) Math.round() Math.round(x) returns the nearest integer:
Math.round(4.6);
Math.round(4.5);
Math.round(4.4);
Math.ceil()
Math.ceil(x) returns the value of x rounded up to its nearest integer:Math.ceil(4.9);
Math.ceil(4.7);
Math.ceil(4.4);
Math.ceil(4.2);
Math.ceil(-4.2);
Math.floor()
Math.floor(x) returns the value of x rounded down to its nearest integer:Math.floor(4.9);
Math.floor(4.7);
Math.floor(4.4);
Math.floor(4.2);
Math.floor(-4.2);
Math.trunc()
Math.trunc(x) returns the integer part of x:Math.trunc(4.9);
Math.trunc(4.7);
Math.trunc(4.4);
Math.trunc(4.2);
Math.trunc(-4.2);
Math.sign()
Math.sign(x) returns if x is negative, null or positive.Formula
If x is negative it returns - 1
If x is zero, it returns 0Math.sign(-4);
Math.sign(0);
Math.sign(4);
Math.trunc() and Math.sign() were added toFormula
JavaScript 2015 - ES6.Math.pow() Math.pow(x, y) returns the value of x to the power of y:
Math.pow(8, 2);
Math.sqrt()
Math.sqrt(x) returns the square root of x:Math.sqrt(64);
Math.abs()
Math.abs(x) returns the absolute (positive) value of x:Math.abs(-4.7);
Math.sin()Formula
Math.sin(x) returns the sine (a value between - 1 and 1) of the angle x (given in radians).
If you want to use degrees instead of radians, you have to convert degrees to radians:
Angle in radians = Angle in degrees x PI / 180.Math.sin(90 * Math.PI / 180); // returns 1 (the sine of 90 degrees)
Math.cos()Formula
Math.cos(x) returns the cosine (a value between - 1 and 1) of the angle x (given in radians).
If you want to use degrees instead of radians, you have to convert degrees to radians:
Angle in radians = Angle in degrees x PI / 180.Math.cos(0 * Math.PI / 180); // returns 1 (the cos of 0 degrees)
Math.min() and Math.max()
Math.min()and Math.max() can be used to find the lowest or highest value in a list of arguments:
Math.min(0, 150, 30, 20, -8, -200);Math.max(0, 150, 30, 20, -8, -200);
Math.random()
Math.random() returns a random number between 0 (inclusive), and 1
(exclusive):Math.random();Math.random() in the next chapter of this tutorial. The Math.log() Method Math.log(x) returns the natural logarithm of x. The natural logarithm returns the time needed to reach a certain level of growth:
Math.log(1);
Math.log(2);
Math.log(3);
Math.E and Math.log() are twins.How many times must we multiply Math.E to get 10?
Math.log(10);
The Math.log2() Method
Math.log2(x) returns the base 2 logarithm of x.How many times must we multiply 2 to get 8?
Math.log2(8);
The Math.log10() Method
Math.log10(x) returns the base 10 logarithm of x.How many times must we multiply 10 to get 1000?
Math.log10(1000);