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CSS•CSS Foundations

CSS Text Alignment

CSS Text Alignment and Text Direction

In this chapter you will learn about the following properties:

Formula

text - align text - align - last vertical - align direction unicode - bidi

Text Alignment

Formula

The text - align property is used to set the horizontal alignment of a text.

This property can have one of the following values: left - Aligns the text to the left right - Aligns the text to the right center - Centers the text justify - Stretches the lines so that each line has equal width The following example shows left, right and center aligned text

Formula

(left is default if text direction is left - to - right, and right is default if text direction is right - to - left):
Example h1 {
text-align: center;
}
h2 {
text-align: left;
}
h3 {
text-align: right;
}
When the text-align property is set to "justify", each line is stretched so that every line has equal width, and the left and right margins are straight (like in magazines and newspapers):
Example div {
text-align: justify;
}

Text Align Last

Formula

The text - align - last property specifies how to align the last line of a text.

This property can have one of the following values: auto - Default value. The last line is justified and aligned left left - The last line is aligned to the left right - The last line is aligned to the right center

Formula

- The last line is center - aligned justify
  • The last line is justified as the rest of the lines start - The last line is aligned at the start of the line end - The last line is aligned at the end of the line

Example

Formula

Different alignment of the last line in three < p > elements:

p.a

{
text-align-last: right;
}

p.b

{
text-align-last: center;
}

p.c

{
text-align-last: justify;
}

Vertical Alignment

Formula

The vertical - align property sets the vertical alignment of an element.

This property can have one of the following values: baseline - Default value. The element is aligned with the baseline of the parent length/% - Raises or lower an element by the specified length or percent sub - The element is aligned with the subscript baseline of the parent super - The element is aligned with the superscript baseline of the parent top

Formula

- The element is aligned with the top of the tallest element on the line text - top
  • The element is aligned with the top of the parent element's font middle - The element is placed in the middle of the parent element bottom

Formula

- The element is aligned with the lowest element on the line text - bottom
  • The element is aligned with the bottom of the parent element's font

Example

Set the vertical alignment of an image in a text:

img.a {
vertical-align: baseline;
}
img.b {
vertical-align: text-top;
}
img.c {

Formula

vertical - align:
text-bottom;
}
img.d {
vertical-align: sub;
}
img.e {
vertical-align: super;
}

Text Direction

Formula

The direction property specifies the text direction/writing direction within a block - level element.

Tip

Use this property together with the unicode-bidi property to set or return whether the text should be overridden to support multiple languages in the same document.

Example p {
direction: rtl;
unicode-bidi: bidi-override;
}

The CSS Text Alignment/Direction Properties

Property

Description direction

Specifies the text direction/writing direction text-align

Specifies the horizontal alignment of text text-align-last

Formula

Specifies how to align the last line of a text unicode - bidi

Used together with the direction property to set or return whether the text should be overridden to support multiple languages in the same document vertical-align

Sets the vertical alignment of an element

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CSS Text Color

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CSS Text Decoration